Masri Pandaᵏ points to Pʹnaŋơw mountain, standing on Lɛmŋơơm peak.

A Temiar stands on ˀAyaap peak, onf the boundary between Gawíín and Bʹriix villages. (Credit: Wahab ˀAlʉj)

Pʹnaŋơw Mountain, at centre, as seen from Sơid, with Pʹgơy to the right. (Credit: ˀAri Kɛntơn)

Sơid Mountain, with its distinctive four, jagged peaks, as seen from the east side of the Puyan valley, with Pʹnaŋơw mountains behind it, to the left.

Looking northward up the Puyan valley; deep forest still covers the sides of the river.

Sơid mountain, which rising high over the land of the Bərtax River.

Bərlɛy mountain, from Sơid, which stands behind today’s Tɛmagaaᵏ village.

The forested land of the Upper Puyan River.

The view from Sơid, down over the Bərtax River valley.

Nyɛbnyaab, red sky at evening, means that evil tigers are prowling.

Batuᵏ siyab, quartz rocks, were sourced from the mouth of the Sʹraŋɛᵏ River.

Temiars from Gɔɔb stand in the Talơŋ River, at its source.

Crossing the Bərtax River at its sandy and slow-moving river-source, on the path to Pʹgơy Mountain, an old route that leads to Perak.

The clear, cool water of the Palɛɛs River.

Gool buhyaaᵏ, the ‘crocodile pool’ at the Palɛɛs River, into which Taaᵏ ˀAmpís threw seven coins, to placate the Ndaŋgaaᵏ serpent.

The mouth of the Lawaar River, at the Jɛŋhuŋ, where a group of Temiars were gathered from in 1957.

The author, standing at Batuᵏ Jʹrɛntííl, the hanging rock, at the Jɛŋhuŋ River, in 2013. (Credit: ˀAríf Pandaᵏ)

The crystal clear water of the Upper Puyan River, near Ranah.

A boy casts a net on the water of the Puyan River.

A crossing point on the Bərtax River, near to the old village of Sapɛd, which led to a route along the ridge up to the Perak border.

Temiars of the Bərtax kin group prepare to catch fish in their stretch of the river.

View from the Bərtax River down toward Sakơơb Mountain, midway down the Puyan valley.

The reddish water of the Bərtax River, which gives the river its name, meaning ‘earthy’.

The deeper waters of the Puyan before it merges with the Bərtax River.

Looking up the boulder-strewn Bərtax from a hunters’ camp at Layaŋ island.

Brahím Pʹdiᵏ stands at the confluence of the Bərtax with the Puyan, the boundary between two kin groups.

Puran waterfall, on the Upper Bərtax.

ˀAmpar ˀƐij, the rock slope where Taaᵏ Gɛndow was killed by a tiger.

A Temiar climbs up Bayas Waterfall, on the Puyan River. (Credit: Yusman ˀAndơᵏ)

Ləruw waterfall, on the Píɲcơơŋ River. (Credit: ˀAnɛl)

Tɛŋkơh Ləruw, the largest waterfall in the region, was named after the soul of the waterfall, who was seen in a dream.

A waterfall on the Píɲcơơŋ River, where a tiger chased a sambar deer: hence it was called Tɛŋkơh Kasíŋ (Deer Waterfall).

Jasar waterfall, on the Píɲcơơŋ River.

Samsudín Bʹkəd stands at the mouth of the Bɛɛd River, the boundary of the Píɲcơơŋ and Bərtax valleys.

The Puyan River at Lamơg, the boundary between the Píɲcơơŋ and Bʹlaˀəər valleys.

The Bʹlaˀəər River, at Kʹmaraaᵏ. (Credit: Wahab ˀAlʉj)

The rapids on the Jɛnrol River, near Rakíd. (Credit: Bʹriix)

The rocky sides of the river at the Puyan rivermouth. (Credit: Wahab ˀAlʉj)

Lower down on the Puyan, where once there were deep river pools. (Credit: Wahab ˀAlʉj)

Timbul Pool, at the Puyan near Tapơŋ.

At the source of the Bʹrơơx River: a Temiar floats building materials downriver on the crystal clear water.

The Bʹrơơx River towards Kuala Betis, flowing red with silt, the result of unchecked land development.

A Temiar throws a casting net in the Bʹrơơx River, at Cɔɔs, Gua Cha, in 2007.

The Kacəŋ River in flood, once a clean water source for the villagers of Gɔɔb. (Credit: Yusman ˀAndơᵏ)